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　　老托福阅读100篇相对TPO要简单一些，也是伴随托福备考学员的很重要的一份资料，对于基础薄弱，做TPO真题阅读需要过渡的考生来说再适合不过了，今天一诺留学小编给大家分享的是老托福阅读100篇之远古的文字，希望考生认真练习。

　　远古的文字

　　Archaeological discoveries have led some scholars to believe that the first Mesopotamian inventors of writing may have been a people the later Babylonians called Subarians. According to tradition, they came from the north and moved into Uruk in the south. By about 3100 B.C., they were apparently subjugated in southern Mesopotamia by the Sumerians, whose name became synonymous with the region immediately north of the Persian Gulf, in the fertile lower valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates. Here the Sumerians were already well established by the year 3000 B.C. They had invented bronze, an alloy that could be cast in molds, out of which they made tools and weapons. They lived in cities, and they had begun to acquire and use capital. Perhaps most important, the Sumerians adapted writing (probably from the Subarians) into a flexible tool of communication.

　　Archaeologists have known about the Sumerians for over 150 years. Archaeologists working at Nineveh in northern Mesopotamia in the mid-nineteenth century found many inscribed clay tablets. Some they could decipher because the language was a Semitic one (Akkadian), on which scholars had already been working for a generation. But other tablets were inscribed in another language that was not Semitic and previously unknown. Because these inscriptions made reference to the king of Sumer and Akkad, a scholar suggested that the new language be called Sumerian.

　　But it was not until the 1890's that archaeologists excavating in city-states well to the south of Nineveh found many thousands of tablets inscribed in Sumerian only. Because the Akkadians thought of Sumerian as a classical language (as ancient Greek and Latin are considered today), they taught it to educated persons and they inscribed vocabulary, translation exercises, and other study aids on tablets. Working from known Akkadian to previously unknown Sumerian, scholars since the 1890's have learned how to read the Sumerian language moderately well. Vast quantities of tablets in Sumerian have been unearthed during the intervening years from numerous sites.

　　1. According to the passage , the inventors of written language in Mesopotamia were probably the

　　(A) Babylonians

　　(B) Subarians

　　(C) Akkadians

　　(D) Sumerians

　　2. The word "subjugated" in line 4 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) distinguished

　　(B) segregated

　　(C) concentrated

　　(D) conquered

　　3. The phrase "synonymous with" in line 5 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) equivalent to

　　(B) important for

　　(C) respected in

　　(D) familiar with

　　4. According to the passage , by the year 3000 B.C. the Sumerians had already done all of the following EXCEPT:

　　(A) They had abandoned the area north of the Persian Gulf.

　　(B) They had established themselves in cities.

　　(C) They had started to communicate through

　　(D) They had created bronze tools and weapons.

　　5. The word "some" in line 14 refers to

　　(A) Archaeologists

　　(B) Sumerians

　　(C) years

　　(D) clay tablets

　　6. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage concerning the Sumerians?

　　(A) They were descendants of the Persians.

　　(B) They were the first people to cultivate the valley of the Tigris.

　　(C) They were accomplished musicians.

　　(D) They had the beginnings of an economy.

　　7. According to the passage , when did archaeologists begin to be able to understand tablets inscribed in Sumerian?

　　(A) in the early nineteenth century

　　(B) more than 150 years ago

　　(C) after the 1890's

　　(D) in the mid-eighteenth century

　　8. According to the passage , in what way did the Sumerian language resemble ancient Greek and Latin?

　　(A) It was invented in Mesopotamia.

　　(B) It became well established around 3000 B.C.

　　(C) It became a classical language.

　　(D) It was used exclusively for business transactions.

　　9. The word "excavating" in line 19 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) living

　　(B) digging

　　(C) assembling

　　(D) building

　　10. According to the passage , how did archaeologists learn to read the Sumerian language?

　　(A) by translating the work of the Subarians

　　(B) by using their knowledge of spoken Semitic languages

　　(C) by comparing Sumerian to other classical languages

　　(D) by using their knowledge of Akkadian

　　答案：BDAAD DCCBD

　　以上内容就是老托福阅读100篇之远古的文字的介绍，希望对大家的托福考试有帮助。如需了解更多留学考试的相关信息，欢迎拨打一诺留学的免费热线400-003-6508或者010-62680991进行出国留学咨询，或者点击一诺留学官方网站http://www.yinuoedu.net/页面的“在线咨询”与一诺留学专家直接对话。