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　　老托福阅读100篇相对TPO要简单一些，也是伴随托福备考学员的很重要的一份资料，对于基础薄弱，做TPO真题阅读需要过渡的考生来说再适合不过了，今天一诺留学小编给大家分享的是老托福阅读100篇之北美城市的发展，希望考生认真练习。

　　北美城市的发展

　　The principal difference between urban growth in Europe and in the North American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness communities and developed to mature urbanism in little more than a century.

　　In the early colonial days in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline, mostly in what are now New England and Middle Atlantic states in the United States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest to England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (assets such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported. Merchandising establishments were, accordingly, advantageously located in port cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials prior to export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance.

　　This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations, rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained their independence because they were located on navigable streams and each had a wharf accessible to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection of plantation land was the desire to have its front on a water highway.

　　When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820 it had a city of more than 10,000 people, and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, after the mechanization of the spinning had weaving industries, that cities started drawing young people away from farms. Such migration was particularly rapid following the Civil War (1861-1865).

　　1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

　　(A) Factors that slowed the growth of cities in Europe.

　　(B) The evolution of cities in North America

　　(C) Trade between North American and European cities

　　(D) The effects of the United Sates' independence on urban growth in New England.

　　2. The word "they" in line 4 refers to

　　(A) North American colonies

　　(B) cities

　　(C) centuries

　　(D) town economies

　　3. The passage compares early European and North American cities on the basis of which of the following?

　　(A) Their economic success

　　(B) The type of merchandise they exported

　　(C) Their ability to distribute goods to interior settlements

　　(D) The pace of their development

　　4. The word "accordingly" in line 11 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) as usual

　　(B) in contrast

　　(C) to some degree

　　(D) for that reason

　　5. According to the passage , early colonial cities were established along the Atlantic coastline of North America due to

　　(A) an abundance of natural resources

　　(B) financial support from colonial governments

　　(C) proximity to parts of Europe

　　(D) a favorable climate

　　6. The passage indicates that during colonial times, the Atlantic coastline cities prepared which of the following for shipment to Europe?

　　(A) Manufacturing equipment

　　(B) Capital goods

　　(C) Consumer goods

　　(D) Raw materials

　　7. According to the passage , all of the following aspects of the plantation system influenced the growth of southern cities EXCEPT the

　　(A) location of the plantations

　　(B) access of plantation owners to shipping

　　(C) relationships between plantation residents and city residents

　　(D) economic self-sufficiency of the plantations

　　8. It can be inferred from the passage that, in comparison with northern cities, most southern cities were

　　(A) more prosperous

　　(B) smaller

　　(C) less economically self-sufficient

　　(D) tied less closely to England than to France

　　9. The word "recorded" in line 26 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) imagined

　　(B) discovered

　　(C) documented

　　(D) planned

　　10. The word "drawing" in line 28 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) attracting

　　(B) employing

　　(C) instructing

　　(D) representing

　　11. The passage mentions the period following the Civil War (line 29) because it was a time of

　　(A) significant obstacles to industrial growth

　　(B) decreased dependence on foreign trade

　　(C) increased numbers of people leaving employment on farms

　　(D) increased migration from northern states to southern states

　　答案：BBDDC DCBCA C

　　以上内容就是老托福阅读100篇之北美城市的发展的介绍，希望对大家的托福考试有帮助。如需了解更多留学考试的相关信息，欢迎拨打一诺留学的免费热线400-003-6508或者010-62680991进行出国留学咨询，或者点击一诺留学官方网站http://www.yinuoedu.net/页面的“在线咨询”与一诺留学专家直接对话。