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　　老托福阅读100篇相对TPO要简单一些，也是伴随托福备考学员的很重要的一份资料，对于基础薄弱，做TPO真题阅读需要过渡的考生来说再适合不过了，今天一诺留学小编给大家分享的是老托福阅读100篇之城市的发展以及移民，工业化，希望考生认真练习。

　　城市的发展以及移民，工业化

　　Matching the influx of foreign immigrants into the larger cities of the United States during the late nineteenth century was a domestic migration, from town and farm to city, within the United States. The country had been overwhelmingly rural at the beginning of the century, with less than 5 percent of Americans living in large towns or cities. The proportion of urban population began to grow remarkably after 1840, increasing from 11 percent that year to 28 percent by 1880 and to 46 percent by 1900. A country with only 6 cities boasting a population of more than 8,000 in 1800 had become one with 545 such cities in 1900. Of these, 26 had a population of more than 100,000 including 3 that held more than a million people. Much of the migration producing an urban society came from smaller towns within the United States, but the combination of new immigrants and old American "settlers" on America's "urban frontier" in the late nineteenth century proved extraordinary.

　　The growth of cities and the process of industrialization fed on each other. The agricultural revolution stimulated many in the countryside to seek a new life in the city and made it possible for fewer farmers to feed the large concentrations of people needed to provide a workforce for growing numbers of factories. Cities also provided ready and convenient markets for the products of industry, and huge contracts in transportation and construction ?a as well as the expanded market in consumer goods ?a allowed continued growth of the urban sector of the overall economy of the Untied States.

　　Technological developments further stimulated the process of urbanization. One example is the Bessemer converter (an industrial process for manufacturing steel), which provided steel girders for the construction of skyscrapers. The refining of crude oil into kerosene, and later the development of electric lighting as well as of the telephone, brought additional comforts to urban areas that were unavailable to rural Americans and helped attract many of them from the farms into the cities. In every era the lure of the city included a major psychological element for country people: the bustle and social interaction of urban life seemed particularly intriguing to those raised in rural isolation.

　　1. What aspects of the United States in the nineteenth century does the passage mainly discuss?

　　(A) Technological developments

　　(B) The impact of foreign immigrants on cities

　　(C) Standards of living

　　(D) The relationship between industrialization and urbanization

　　2. The word "influx" in line 1 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) working

　　(B) processing

　　(C) arrival

　　(D) attraction

　　3. The paragraph preceding the passage most probably discuss

　　(A) foreign immigration

　　(B) rural life

　　(C) the agricultural revolution

　　(D) famous cities of the twentieth century

　　4. What proportion of population of the United States was urban in 1900?

　　(A) Five percent

　　(B) Eleven percent

　　(C) Twenty-eight percent

　　(D) Forty-six percent

　　5. The word "extraordinary" in line 12 is closet in meaning to

　　(A) expensive

　　(B) exceptional

　　(C) supreme

　　(D) necessary

　　6. The phrase "each other" in line 13 refers to

　　(A) foreign immigrants and domestic migrants

　　(B) farms and small towns

　　(C) growth of cities and industrialization

　　(D) industry and transportation

　　7. The word "stimulated" in line 14 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) forced

　　(B) prepared

　　(C) limited

　　(D) motivated

　　8. Why does the author mention "electric lighting" and "the telephone" in line 23?

　　(A) They contributed to the agricultural revolution

　　(B) They are examples of the conveniences of city life

　　(C) They were developed by the same individual.

　　(D) They were products of the Bessemer converter.

　　9. The word "them" in line 25 refers to

　　(A) urban areas

　　(B) rural Americans

　　(C) farms

　　(D) cities

　　10. The word "era" in line 25 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) period of time

　　(B) location

　　(C) action

　　(D) unique situation

　　11. The word "intriguing" in line 27 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) profitable

　　(B) attractive

　　(C) comfortable

　　(D) challenging

　　答案：DCADB CDBBA B

　　以上内容就是老托福阅读100篇之城市的发展以及移民，工业化的介绍，希望对大家的托福备考有帮助。如需了解更多出国留学的相关信息，欢迎拨打一诺留学的免费热线400-003-6508或者010-62680991进行出国留学咨询，或者点击一诺留学官方网站http://www.yinuoedu.net/页面的“在线咨询”与一诺留学专家直接对话。微信订阅号：留学圈 (微信帐号：yinuoliuxue )