出国留学首选一诺留学

　　1)托福阅读总结题是对文章大意主旨的把握和对文章各部分文意概括总结的能力。文章提问的要点主要在三个方面：

　　1、是一个介绍性的句子

　　2、要选择三个答案，最合适的

　　3、有些不合适的选项是因为在原文没有提到，或者是比较片面，因为总结类的信息，不能是细节信息。

　　2)解题策略

　　SI： introductory sentence总结句是一个介绍性的句子

　　S2： scan and make conclusion of each paragraph每一段的主题句

　　S3： select Major ideas related to is选择能够概括段落主题的句子

　　S4: eliminate Minor ideas排除一些片面或者是细节性的选项

　　3)事例讲解

　　文章题目：desert formation(沙漠形成)

　　introductory sentence (介绍性的句子)：

　　Many factors have contributed to the great increase in desertification in recent decades造成沙漠化的因素很多(由此可以推测下面文章主要涉及沙漠化的影响因素)。

　　第一段(引入文章对象): The deserts, which already occupy approximately a fourth of the Earth's land surface, have in recent decades been increasing at an alarming pace. The expansion of desert like conditions into areas where they did not previously exist is called desertification. It has been estimated that an additional one-fourth of the Earth's land surface is threatened by this process.(沙漠化的定义和沙漠化的现状)

　　第二段(进入文章的主要主体部分)： Desertification is accomplished primarily through the loss of stabilizing natural vegetation and the subsequent accelerated erosion of the soil by wind and water. In some cases the loose soil is blown completely away, leaving a stony surface. In other cases, the finer particles may be removed, while the sand-sized particles are accumulated to form mobile hills or ridges of sand.(沙漠化形成的原因：一是缺少植被，二是后期风和雨的侵蚀)

　　……(省略中间部分论述沙漠化的原因)

　　最后一段: The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land and the tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process. Once the soil has been removed by erosion, only the passage of centuries or millennia will enable new sol to form. In areas where considerable soil still remains, though, a rigorously enforced program of land protection and cover-crop plan ting may make it possible to reverse the present deterioration of the surface.(沙漠化的严重：沙漠化面积大、受沙漠化影响的人很多、沙漠化无法逆转，也无法减慢进程)

　　问题：Many factors have contribute to the great increase in desertification in recent decades.

　　A. Growing human populations and the agricultural demands that come with such growth have upset the ecological balance in some areas and led to the spread of deserts.

　　B. As periods of severe dryness have become more common, failures of a number of deferent crops have increased.

　　C. Excessive numbers of cattle and the need for firewood for fuel hove reduced grasses and trees, leaving the land unprotected and vulnerable. A

　　D. Extensive irrigation with poor drainage brings salt to the surface of the soil, a process that reduces water and air absorption.

　　E. Animal dung enriches the soil by providing nutrients for plant growth

　　F. Grasses are generally the dominant type of natural vegetation in semiarid lands.

　　解析：A 选项主要涉及第五段的内容

　　B是细节内容，而且原文没有提到

　　C 第六段和第七段的内容

　　D 第九段的内容

　　E动物粪便这个肯定是细节，不会构成总结

　　F 同样的道理，不对

　　因为总结题的选项至少是一个段落的段意，如果只是细节的话，那就是错的。

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